Posted by Jakeo29 on December 7, 2008, at 15:55:20
In reply to Schizophrenia-Dreaming (REM) while conscious?, posted by Jakeo29 on December 7, 2008, at 15:42:08
Source Cephalon:
Modafinil-induced wakefulness can be attenuated by the α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist, prazosin; however, modafinil is inactive
in other in vitro assay systems known to be responsive to α-adrenergic agonists such as the rat vas deferens preparation.
Armodafinil is not a direct- or indirect-acting dopamine receptor agonist. However, in vitro, both armodafinil and modafinil bind to
the dopamine transporter and inhibit dopamine reuptake. For modafinil, this activity has been associated in vivo with increased
extracellular dopamine levels in some brain regions of animals. In genetically engineered mice lacking the dopamine transporter
(DAT), modafinil lacked wake-promoting activity, suggesting that this activity was DAT-dependent. However, the wake-promoting
effects of modafinil, unlike those of amphetamine, were not antagonized by the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol in rats.
In addition, alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine, a dopamine synthesis inhibitor, blocks the action of amphetamine, but does not block
locomotor activity induced by modafinil.
Armodafinil and modafinil have wake-promoting actions similar to sympathomimetic agents including amphetamine and
methylphenidate, although their pharmacologic profile is not identical to that of the sympathomimetic amines. In addition to its
wake-promoting effects and ability to increase locomotor activity in animals, modafinil produces psychoactive and euphoric effects,
alterations in mood, perception, thinking, and feelings typical of other CNS stimulants in humans. Modafinil has reinforcing
properties, as evidenced by its self-administration in monkeys previously trained to self-administer cocaine; modafinil was also
partially discriminated as stimulant-like.
Based on nonclinical studies, two major metabolites, acid and sulfone, of modafinil or armodafinil, do not appear to contribute to
the CNS-activating properties of the parent compounds.
poster:Jakeo29
thread:867016
URL: http://www.dr-bob.org/babble/20081204/msgs/867292.html