![[dr. bob]](/dr-bob-sm.gif)
Dr. Bob is Robert Hsiung, MD,
bob@dr-bob.orgShown: posts 71 to 95 of 175. Go back in thread:
Posted by linkadge on October 25, 2002, at 19:07:38
In reply to Re: RATIONAL USE OF BENZODIAZAPINES » Alan, posted by Squiggles on October 24, 2002, at 8:41:31
For some reason I am under the impression
that Klonopin has dopamine raising effects,Kurt Cobain used this drug (probably abused it)
in his attempt to withdrawl from Heroin. In him it caused psychosis.Does anyone have information as to wheather this drug raises dopamine levels.
Linkadge
Posted by Ritch on October 25, 2002, at 20:11:44
In reply to Does Klonipin have dopamine effects, posted by linkadge on October 25, 2002, at 19:07:38
> For some reason I am under the impression
> that Klonopin has dopamine raising effects,
>
> Kurt Cobain used this drug (probably abused it)
> in his attempt to withdrawl from Heroin. In him it caused psychosis.
>
> Does anyone have information as to wheather this drug raises dopamine levels.
>
> LinkadgeI do not believe it does. I have heard it has a mild serotonergic effect. It is an anticonvulsant (albeit a benzodiazepine), and they can cause psychotic or "paradoxical" symptoms in a tiny subset of people. Behavioral side effects rank somewhat higher with clonazepam than the usual BZD sfx, from what I remember. Interestingly, the two benzos that have the strongest antimanic efficacy are clonazepam and lorazepam.
Posted by Squiggles on October 25, 2002, at 20:22:07
In reply to Re: RATIONAL USE OF BENZODIAZAPINES (4.1.2) » Squiggles, posted by Squiggles on October 25, 2002, at 9:18:38
Hi,
back again: 5: ADVERSE EFFECTS
The benzos are favourably compared to ADs and
neuroleptics and considered safe and without
severe side effects. A brief look at the benzo
group will certainly contest this statement.
I have observed people getting off tricyclics
and SSRIs and as hard as that is, there is no
comparison with benzos. Benzos really should
be compared to heroin withdrawal. I've not yet
come to such variables as KIND of benzo, TIME taken,
and DOSE. These are decisive in the withdrwal
severity.In unmonitored, erratic dosing of benzos,
symptoms of psychosis may be indistinguishable
from the real thing (i.e. endogenous or non-benzo
related).
5.1 General adverse effectsAgain, I direct you to Ray Nimmo's site for
a collected array of side effects. I'm glad to
see the *falling* symptom here; when my Rivotril
dose was raised I got up from the chair and fell,
breaking my foot. I told my dr. i thought it
was the Rivotril that made me lose my balance but
it was hard to believe. Oh, and I am not elderly,
though I may look it by now :-).The inability to distinguish between adverse
effects and symptoms of underlying chronic diseases
is a good observation. However, this is a two-edged
sword, as the underlying chronic disease may take
precedence in the diagnosis to the the effects of
the benzos. This is particularly the case, in
withdrawal, sub-withdrawal, or erratic dosing, or
sudden stopping.
5.2 Withdrawal syndrome and dependence5.2.1 Withdrawal syndrome
Yes, they've got this right: only a therapeutic
dose is enough to cause withdrawal, given enough
time of taking the drug.The "nocebo" effect is nonsense. The rest is
very good. What is missing the "protracted withdrawal"
syndrome. This is even stranger than the paradoxical
and rebound phenomena.... my guess is that changes
take place in either the structure or the chemistry
of the brain, after the drug is used for a long time.
Stopping the drug, leaves the brain in a state that has
lost its initial equilibrium and either takes a very long
time (may GABBA receptors or dendrites have to regrow
or something) or equilibrium is never ever reached again.
Dr. Heather Ashton speaks of some long-term users suffering
motor effects for up to 15 years, for example.If you would like a personal example, I have had
diarrhea, and peripheral neuropathy as well as
tinnitus, and botched body temperature control since
the withdrawal... most of these after 2 years about,
have disappeared gradually fading.
5.2.2 DependenceThe definition should not concern a doctor so
much as a linguist. For purposes of medical
observation, cessation of the drug is followed
by very unpleasant and painful syndromes, which
can be reversed to some extent by reinstating
the drug. Call it "dependence" or "addiction"
or whatever; the main point is the practical
aspect of being on the drug, stopping the drug,
and reinstating the drug. It is true, there is
no craving, just extreme syndromes caused by
discontinuation.5.3 Overdose
I have heard, contrary to this "suicide-safe"
aspect of benzos, that with alcohol, they are
lethal. I recall a benzo member telling me how
much it would take, but I forget.
6. STRATEGIES FOR PRESCRIBING BENZODIAZEPINES6.1 Introduction
This is good advice, if followed.
6.2 General approach
I cannot find anything lacking or to disagree
with in this section. It's very wise. I would
only stress the necessity of monitoring and
carefully tapering the patient off, once the
treatment has been completed. Regarding the
chronic problems, such as panic disorder--i have
my reservations. I do believe that panic
and anxiety are symptoms and not a disorder itself.
Long-term treatment is very attractive for its
simplicity, but may be quite mistaken, by mistaking
the symptom for the sign.6.2.5 Discontinuation
Much can be learned from the Benzo group here.
I am glad to see that some physicians use
long-life benzos to get people off. The reduction
is smooth for some benzos but not others. The difference
between different benzos is not discussed here.
Again the "addictive" personality problem requiring
longer tapering, is at least insulting and at most
medically irresponsible.
6.2.6 Withdrawal managementThe time give 4-8-16 weeks worked for me for
Xanax at the therapeutic dose of 1.0 taken over
12 years or so. I still do not understand why
the clonazepam was so hard not just for me but
for many people reporting difficulty on the
Benzo group. Is its chemical structure different?
As an anti-convulsant, is this why i got a seizure
and myoclonic seizure as diagnosed by an emergency
doctor the year before (not my dr.).In general, i think this is quite good; part
of the problem is that physicians do not believe
that benzodiazepines can have such withdrawal effects,
and stick it to the "addictive personality" or
a hypochondriacal or hysterical patient. And, the
patient being in the majority women, this may
present a problem.
----got to go again--nest is 6.3 Special situations
Squiggles
Posted by Rick on October 25, 2002, at 22:24:26
In reply to Does Klonipin have dopamine effects, posted by linkadge on October 25, 2002, at 19:07:38
> For some reason I am under the impression
> that Klonopin has dopamine raising effects,Why is that? While many drugs can simultaneously have both pro and anti-dopaminergic effects, most studies have put Klonopin primarily in the latter category. Which in one way is odd, since both Klonopin and Dopamine Agonists are meds of choice in Restless Legs Syndrome.
> Kurt Cobain used this drug (probably abused it)
> in his attempt to withdrawl from Heroin. In him it caused psychosis.Like many psychotropics, Klonopin can have paradoxical effects in certain people, especially when the dose is high and it's combined with other agents. Even though Klonopin is sometimes used as an adjunct mood stabilizer, the following is an example of where it apparently induced mania:
DICP 1991 Sep;25(9):938-9
Mania associated with clonazepam.
Dorevitch A.
Faculty of Medicine, Hadassah Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
Clonazepam is a potent, long-acting benzodiazepine approved for use in myoclonic and petit mal seizures. Initial reports have demonstrated encouraging results with clonazepam in the treatment of acute mania as well as a favorable side-effect profile. A trial of adjunctive clonazepam was initiated in a 41-year-old patient with chronic schizophrenia. Two weeks later, while on an 8-mg dosage, he became manic, developing pressured speech, euphoria, inflated esteem, agitation, and insomnia. Initiation of electroconvulsive therapy with gradual tapering and discontinuation of the clonazepam resulted in amelioration of the manic episode and a return to his previous clinical status. Clinicians should be alerted to the potential of clonazepam to cause manic-like behavior in susceptible patients.
Rick
Posted by hiba on October 26, 2002, at 1:15:00
In reply to Re: RATIONAL USE OF BENZODIAZAPINES (5.) » Squiggles, posted by Squiggles on October 25, 2002, at 20:22:07
Oh Dear Squiggles,
You are going far and far.
"In unmonitored, erratic dosing of benzos,
symptoms of psychosis may be indistinguishable
from the real thing (i.e. endogenous or non-benzo
related)"This is a wonderful finding. Do you have any scientific evidence to back this ? Benzos, if used for a long time in very high doses and stopped abruptly can cause a syndrome that resembles to psychosis.(But unlike stimulant psychosis which is irreversible, this can be reveresed and treated successfully). Is this what
you mean ? Some benzos in fact used to treat psycosis. Chlordiazepoxide, lorazepam and clonazepam for instance.
And if you have an access to ABPI DATA COMPENDIUM, please see the data sheets of antidepressants (especially tricyclics). You can see the warning: Tricyclics may cause activation of psychosis. Can you show me any such warning in benzodiazepine data sheets ?You are determined to rate benzo withdrawal as heroin withdrawal. I have witnessed many heroin and benzo withdrawals. And in the light of my experience, I can only laugh at your attempt. You are obsessed with the anti-benzo group.
About side effects: If you have experienced more side effects on benzos, you have a right to claim. But generally benzos are much much safer than hard antidepressants and all other medications used in psychiatric practice.. Pharmaceutical manuals (which you always refer in
your messages) will definitely clarify this.ABOUT WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS: Since you are not a Doc or clinical professional, I think it is better to give the reference along with your statements. I am not a Doc or professional . So I don't speak on my own. Let me quote American Psychiatric Association's Task force report on benzos:
"All psychiatric drugs, if taken for more than a brief period, may produce discontinuance signs and symptoms when abruptly stopped, and these symptoms may be an intensified recurrence of the original signs and symptoms, or may be the mirror image (for example, the opposite of the normal therapeutic effect of the drug). Sudden discontinuance of antidepressant drugs, for example, may produce a severe depression, rebound cholinergic symptoms, or agitation, or it may precipitate a manic state. Withdrawal dyskinesia is commonly seen after neuroleptics are abruptly stopped, and a recrudescence of manic symptoms has been reported after abrupt lithium termination." (Page 15)Then why should you blame benzos solely for dependence???
"What is missing the "protracted withdrawal"
syndrome."Oh! what is this? protracted withdrawal syndrome? Any scientific evidence to clarify this PROTRACTED? Plese don't quote those benzophobics or Dr. Ashton. There are enough pharmaceutical manuals which you would like to refer. Any hint from them? I can name some, if you need.
1. MARTINDALE:THE COMPLETE DRUG REFERENCE.2. PHYSICIAN'S DESK REFERENCE.
3. PHARMACOLOGICAL BASIS OF THERAPEUTICS.
4. ABPI DATA COMPENDIUM.
".... my guess is that changes
take place in either the structure or the chemistry
of the brain, after the drug is used for a long time.
Stopping the drug, leaves the brain in a state that has
lost its initial equilibrium and either takes a very long
time (may GABBA receptors or dendrites have to regrow
or something) or equilibrium is never ever reached again."You have your right to guess. But please don't impose them on patients in this board. Besides "GUESS" shouldn't always necessarily be right. The term GABBA for instance. It is not GABBA but GABA.(GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID)Please check in your message.
I have personal experience of using benzodiazepines. I have used klonopin upto two years and gradually tapered WITHOUT ANY PROBLEMS AT ALL. Now I am afraid of those "PROTRACTED WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS"!!! I hope there will be a benzophobic to predict when I should begin to experience "PROTRACTED WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS".
If a benzo has made you sick, it is not fair to make all benzo users sick. There are millions who use benzos very effectively and benefit from them. Tell us your experience. It is welcome. But insisting on all patients should experience what you experienced is not fun at all.
About Ashton protocols: Her protocol is not working for everyone. The substitution of valium for xanax is not that effective. I have a friend who followed Ashton protocol to withdraw xanax and in his case it was an utter failure. Still I don't generalize this failure. But theoretically xanax is better substituted with klonopin. This is true in practice also.
Dr. Ashton is a single soul. I don't usually rely on such sole findings. Rather I will go for the combined work of scientists where there is only a very small possibility of error.. The references I named above are not the works a single scientist. They are compiled by some groups of reputed scientists.
Good luck Squiggles, Take care
HIBA
Posted by Squiggles on October 26, 2002, at 8:22:09
In reply to Re: Does Klonipin have dopamine effects » linkadge, posted by Rick on October 25, 2002, at 22:24:26
Interesting; while i was being treated
for hypothyroidism, and had been given
an excess dose, at one hospital reception
area i waiting to see the doctor; among
other symptoms like sweating, extreme hunger,
panic, grey palour, etc. i was also experiencing
what may have been a manic state--pacing
uncontrollably--i don't remember skipping my
Klonopin, though i may have. It sure looked
foolish and scary; it's very humiliating to
be under the adverse influence of drugs.Squiggles
Posted by Squiggles on October 26, 2002, at 10:32:44
In reply to Re: RATIONAL USE OF BENZODIAZAPINES (5.), posted by hiba on October 26, 2002, at 1:15:00
> Oh Dear Squiggles,
>
> You are going far and far.
>--I would like to pause for a while here,
and consider the criteria and methodology
that are necessary in assessing the detrimental
effects of benzos.
>
> "In unmonitored, erratic dosing of benzos,
> symptoms of psychosis may be indistinguishable
> from the real thing (i.e. endogenous or non-benzo
> related)"
>
> This is a wonderful finding. Do you have any scientific evidence to back this ? Benzos, if used for a long time in very high doses and stopped abruptly can cause a syndrome that resembles to psychosis.(But unlike stimulant psychosis which is irreversible, this can be reveresed and treated successfully). Is this what
> you mean ? Some benzos in fact used to treat psycosis. Chlordiazepoxide, lorazepam and clonazepam for instance.
> And if you have an access to ABPI DATA COMPENDIUM, please see the data sheets of antidepressants (especially tricyclics). You can see the warning: Tricyclics may cause activation of psychosis. Can you show me any such warning in benzodiazepine data sheets ?
>--It seems clear that my personal testimony, no matter
how similar it may be with the evidence presented at the
Benzo group, is insufficient to convince you of the
typical effects of adverse, withdrawal, and protracted
aspects of this class of drugs. I do feel a bit like
a sock puppet in trying to defend this side. And before
i continue with the presentation of references, articles,
and statistics, i have to now that *some* sort of
evidence will satisfy you, and i am not just blowing
in the wind.
> You are determined to rate benzo withdrawal as heroin withdrawal. I have witnessed many heroin and benzo withdrawals. And in the light of my experience, I can only laugh at your attempt. You are obsessed with the anti-benzo group.Now now, no need to get personal.
>
> About side effects: If you have experienced more side effects on benzos, you have a right to claim. But generally benzos are much much safer than hard antidepressants and all other medications used in psychiatric practice.. Pharmaceutical manuals (which you always refer in
> your messages) will definitely clarify this.--I am not trying to defend my rights here. The effects
of prolonged benzo use, and the addictive nature of these
drugs is something that has been experienced by people
who have come together to discuss their common complaint from
many countries and many walks of life.
>
> ABOUT WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS: Since you are not a Doc or clinical professional, I think it is better to give the reference along with your statements. I am not a Doc or professional . So I don't speak on my own. Let me quote American Psychiatric Association's Task force report on benzos:
> "All psychiatric drugs, if taken for more than a brief period, may produce discontinuance signs and symptoms when abruptly stopped, and these symptoms may be an intensified recurrence of the original signs and symptoms, or may be the mirror image (for example, the opposite of the normal therapeutic effect of the drug). Sudden discontinuance of antidepressant drugs, for example, may produce a severe depression, rebound cholinergic symptoms, or agitation, or it may precipitate a manic state. Withdrawal dyskinesia is commonly seen after neuroleptics are abruptly stopped, and a recrudescence of manic symptoms has been reported after abrupt lithium termination." (Page 15)--This is true. But it is not in contradiction to discontinuation syndromes
with benzos as well. I have quoted the Merck before here and
The American Family Physician, and Goodman and Gillman's
Pharmaceutical Therapeutics on the addictive nature and need
for caution in benzo withdrawal, which also mention the
risk of seizure upon sudden discontinuation.
>
> Then why should you blame benzos solely for dependence???--I don't;
>
> "What is missing the "protracted withdrawal"
> syndrome."
>
> Oh! what is this? protracted withdrawal syndrome? Any scientific evidence to clarify this PROTRACTED? Plese don't quote those benzophobics or Dr. Ashton. There are enough pharmaceutical manuals which you would like to refer. Any hint from them? I can name some, if you need.
> 1. MARTINDALE:THE COMPLETE DRUG REFERENCE.
>
> 2. PHYSICIAN'S DESK REFERENCE.
>
> 3. PHARMACOLOGICAL BASIS OF THERAPEUTICS.
>
> 4. ABPI DATA COMPENDIUM.
>
>
> ".... my guess is that changes
> take place in either the structure or the chemistry
> of the brain, after the drug is used for a long time.
> Stopping the drug, leaves the brain in a state that has
> lost its initial equilibrium and either takes a very long
> time (may GABBA receptors or dendrites have to regrow
> or something) or equilibrium is never ever reached again."
>
> You have your right to guess. But please don't impose them on patients in this board. Besides "GUESS" shouldn't always necessarily be right. The term GABBA for instance. It is not GABBA but GABA.(GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID)Please check in your message.
>
> I have personal experience of using benzodiazepines. I have used klonopin upto two years and gradually tapered WITHOUT ANY PROBLEMS AT ALL. Now I am afraid of those "PROTRACTED WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS"!!! I hope there will be a benzophobic to predict when I should begin to experience "PROTRACTED WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS".
>
> If a benzo has made you sick, it is not fair to make all benzo users sick. There are millions who use benzos very effectively and benefit from them. Tell us your experience. It is welcome. But insisting on all patients should experience what you experienced is not fun at all.
>
> About Ashton protocols: Her protocol is not working for everyone. The substitution of valium for xanax is not that effective. I have a friend who followed Ashton protocol to withdraw xanax and in his case it was an utter failure. Still I don't generalize this failure. But theoretically xanax is better substituted with klonopin. This is true in practice also.
>
> Dr. Ashton is a single soul. I don't usually rely on such sole findings. Rather I will go for the combined work of scientists where there is only a very small possibility of error.. The references I named above are not the works a single scientist. They are compiled by some groups of reputed scientists.
> Good luck Squiggles, Take care--The virtue of studies and observations taken by
doctors like Dr. Heather Ashton, are the advantage
of long-term studies of addicts of benzodiazepines.
Her clinic in London ran withdrawal cases for more
than 12 years. I think that should be regarded as
an opportunity (solitary as it may be) rather than
an abberation in benzo studies.Once again, what kind of evidence would you like?
Statistical evidence can only be gathered by
testimonials of people who have taken these drugs
for a long time. Would you rather rely on the
behaviour of rats over a period of 3 months, under
the supervision of Hoffman LaRoche or Eli Lilly's
white-coats?I confess, that I have considered the possibility
that in my case, perhaps the reason I had such
severe withdrawal, may have been something else
like White Nile Virus, or cancer, or brain tumour;
when I suspected the XANAX to be causing my panic
attacks, the doctors i saw first thought Celexa might
do the trick; but I after reading the Merck, and
studying the books on the net, I was pretty sure
that the cause was inter-dose withdrawal of long-term
addiction to Xanax. Infact, one pharmacist actually
suggested to my dr. that i had been taking Xanax too long;
So, I demanded to get off Xanax. And hard as it was
to get off, once I did, I have not had a panic attack since.
Doh!Regarding the Rivotril, as i said, Ashton and other
addiction centres, even this WHO manual recommend
another benzo or another drug to be gotten off.
I did it with time. It did not work. Possibly,
it may have, had I been gotten off with another
drug. The question with Rivotril is whether i
need it at all or not; the fact that my doctor
let me try to get off, is evidence to me that
there was some doubt about its necessity in the
first place.Squiggles
> HIBA
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
Posted by Dr. Bob on October 26, 2002, at 12:06:00
In reply to Re: RATIONAL USE OF BENZODIAZAPINES (5.), posted by hiba on October 26, 2002, at 1:15:00
> in the light of my experience, I can only laugh at your attempt. You are obsessed with the anti-benzo group.
Please be sensitive to the feelings of others and don't post anything that could lead them to feel accused or put down, thanks.
> You have your right to guess. But please don't impose them on patients in this board.
Please respect the views of others -- even if you think they're wrong. Whom then to trust can be a hard (and subjective) question:
http://www.dr-bob.org/babble/faq.html#trust
But I think the people here, especially with input (including alternative points of view) from others, can make up their own minds.
Bob
PS: Follow-ups regarding posting policies, and complaints about posts, should be redirected to Psycho-Babble Administration; otherwise, they may be deleted.
Posted by BrittPark on October 26, 2002, at 12:21:03
In reply to Re: Does Klonipin have dopamine effects » Rick, posted by Squiggles on October 26, 2002, at 8:22:09
The problem with boards like this is that, for the most part, people report negative results. The weight of clinical evidence is that benzos are safe for both short and long term use and that withdrawal symptoms are mild to non-existent if discontinuation is handled slowly.
I've taken very large doses of both clonazepam and alpralozam (up to 6mg/day) on several occasions and have never had any withdrawal symptoms when discontinuing.
My 2 cents,
Britt
Posted by viridis on October 26, 2002, at 13:13:09
In reply to Re: RATIONAL USE OF BENZODIAZAPINES (5.) » hiba, posted by Squiggles on October 26, 2002, at 10:32:44
Hi Squiggles,
I'm sorry to hear that you had such a bad experience with benzo withdrawal, and I know that some people do react in very negative ways. However, the weight of scientific evidence indicates that withdrawal for most can be managed very effectively by slow taper and careful supervision. You spoke in an earlier post about "variables" and "objectivity". When dealing with medications, the patients themselves are major variables in the sense that different people have different reactions to both the drugs and discontinuation of the drugs, whether you're talking about benzos, ADs, blood pressure meds, or most other classes of medications.
I haven't attempted benzo withdrawal, and have no plans to do so in the near future, since Klonopin has been so beneficial for me in terms of anxiety, depression, and general quality of life. So, I can't offer any personal experience there. However, I can relate my pdoc's experiences and advice based on his use of benzos for numerous patients, both short and long-term. He screened me very carefully before prescribing benzos, explained that medical dependency was likely to develop, and said that he is very alert to signs of escalating dosage and misuse (although he was also very willing to increase the dose if appropriate). After well over a year at the same low dose of Klonopin (1 mg/day) plus occasional Xanax, he and I are very pleased with the results. When I asked him about what would happen if I decided to discontinue it, he said that he's rarely seen a problem as long as the withdrawal is gradual. He emphasized that these are not drugs that should be stopped suddenly, but said that supervised withdrawal is generally quite straightforward in his experience.
For me, though, he predicts that discontinuation would return me to the same pattern of anxiety/ panic attacks/ severe depression that I've experienced since childhood. I'm not willing to live that way any more (and I expect it would shorten my life -- not that I'm suicidal, but chronic anxiety takes a toll on a person's mental and physical health). Approaches such as antidepressants, therapy, alternative treatments, and lifestyle changes were of no or limited use, or actually made things worse (SSRIs, Wellbutrin). So for me, long-term use of Klonopin seems like the most sensible option, and my pdoc agrees.
Posted by Squiggles on October 26, 2002, at 13:59:53
In reply to Re: RATIONAL USE OF BENZODIAZAPINES (5.) » Squiggles, posted by viridis on October 26, 2002, at 13:13:09
I think you have come to an amiable and
satisfactory solution to your anxiety problem
with your doctor. And your doctor sounds
well-informed.Klonopin (i hate to repeat myself so many times),
is not likely to produce the inter-dose withdrawals
that Xanax does. I have never had such, except
when after 7 yrs. my dr. raised the dose upon
strange somatic complaints. They differ.Please understand that my aim is not to proselytize
against benzos. I am not anti-benzo. Just as the
WHO document attempts to draw outlines for the
rational and cautious prescription of these drugs,
so I too, try to make footnotes from my experience
and my collaboration at the Benzo group on personal
discoveries and experiences.Once again, the amount of dose, the length of time,
the abruptness of cessation, and the increase or non-increase
of dose over time, are variables that will influence
the severity of withdrawal with these drugs. I can
tell you that after 2 years getting off K is not the same
as trying to get off after 15.As for side effects, with K, I do notice edema,
and dyspnea. When I was taking Xanax as well,
the dyspnea and apnea was so bad that I would wake
up gasping at night. That's a polypharmacy quirk.I will continue with the WHO document, sometime this
weekend, since I started.Cheers
Squiggles
Posted by Rick on October 26, 2002, at 15:22:55
In reply to Re: Does Klonipin have dopamine effects, posted by BrittPark on October 26, 2002, at 12:21:03
> The problem with boards like this is that, for the most part, people report negative results.
This is a great point that bears regular repeating. Clearly, someone who is, or has, had severe withdrawal (or even addiction) difficulties is much more motivated to write, either looking for support/advice and/or to share their experiences as a good-intentioned warning to others. (And there's also the occasional benzophobe who is making the whole thing up for effect, though I don't get the impression that this happens much on this board). While those with significant difficulty may represent a pretty small proportion of responsible benzo users who taper off appropriately, there are so many benzo users in total that the absolute number of bad experiences is large.
Rick
>The weight of clinical evidence is that benzos are safe for both short and long term use and that withdrawal symptoms are mild to non-existent if discontinuation is handled slowly.
>
> I've taken very large doses of both clonazepam and alpralozam (up to 6mg/day) on several occasions and have never had any withdrawal symptoms when discontinuing.
>
> My 2 cents,
>
> Britt
>
Posted by Squiggles on October 26, 2002, at 15:23:18
In reply to Re: RATIONAL USE OF BENZODIAZAPINES (5.) » viridis, posted by Squiggles on October 26, 2002, at 13:59:53
I notice here a point that has been laboured
through this discussion--withdrawal syndrome
occurring at therapeutic dosage:"During the 1960s, withdrawal symptoms were
reported to occur upon discontinuation of long-term
use of benzodiazepines at doses several times
higher than the usual therapeutic dose. More
recently, a number of studies have shown that
withdrawal syndromes can occur even at therapeutic
doses." [p. 20]The syndromes are described and my point that
ideally they should be used symptomatically and
not for long-term is noted. I notice also the
point about respiratory distress. Do they know
why? It is remarked here that in general it is
a contraindication. When I was searching for the
reason why I had panic attacks and dyspnea at night,
I came across an article on respiratory suppression
by benzos, and also another article by an anesthsiologist
who described the benzos as having the effect of
respiratory suppression. Bingo, I said to myself.
Now, if you say that this happens with some people
and not others depending on their age, etc. I will
grant you that any drug, to have an effect required
both the taker and the drug; it is a two-way street,
just as all interactions between a and b are; but this
is also the case with aspirin or any other substance.
It is the case with coffee or milk for that matter.
And if you say that such effects depend on the subject
alone, you are eliminiating the chemical aspect of the
drug for which it is designed, i.e. a human or animal
organism, with a particular area of the brain as target.
Therefore, it should not be surprising that an
anti-depressant effects the brain, whereas a Beta-blocker
effects the vascular system, and predictably in similar
ways.6. STRATEGIES FOR PRESCRIBING BENZODIAZEPINES
a) Screening instruments
I imagine these are questionnaires?
b) The Clinical Interview
I am very happy to see the inclusion of examining
the patient for prior history of dependence on
drugs and comorbid psychiatric disorders. However,
just because we are doing psychology here, does
not mean that there should not be an examination
of PHYSICAL COMORBID DISORDERS. I don't see this
here. For example, hyperthyroidism, heart disease,
etc.c) General Medical Evaluation
This is a projection of the possible problems
of prescribing benzos.d) Physical Examination
This is a one sentence vague proposal for a general
examination. I think the variety of conditions
that induce anxiety and panic, should be outlined;
there are many.
May I suggest that the age of the person, and in
cases where ethnic background has an effect on the
metabolism of benzodiazepines be considered in the
initial examination.
6.2.5 DiscontinuationThe protracted withdrawal syndrome is omitted.
And the re-emergence of an initial anxiety state
is presumed.
These are grave errors.Not all benzos are the same in effect of
withdrawal. I have yet to see the papers which
must exist on what is different about an anxiolytic
and an anti-convulsant - chemically.6.2.6 Withdrawal management
Any kind of management would be humane and welcome.
These drugs have been taken very lightly, and I don't
think that doctors are aware of how serious the withdrawals
are. In a letter to the Health Minister, the
Hon. Alan Rock, and in a similar letter to Hoffman
LaRoche and Upjohn, i had suggested, as a consumer,
that the problem was serious enough to merit the
opening of clinics for withdrawal. I think the
doctors are well-meaning but too busy, considering
the enormous amount of prescriptions for this
3rd ranking class of drugs on the market. Ha!For programs and schedules, see Ray Nimmo's site
www.benzo.org.
6.3.1 and 6.3.2The consideration for children and elderly is
good and the fact that benzos can be more potent
in CNS disorders in these age groups. However,
the age of elderly and children is not defined.6.3.3 Pregnancy
Yes, this is well written; the embryopathy that
is discussed may be damaging to the brain what the
Benzo group call cited many cases of "floppy baby syndrome".
This is discussed here too. They should be used
with caution if at all.6.3.4 Alcohol
I don't know much about this; I have noticed
a compounded effect with a glass of wine or
beer and so if i drink, I drink 1/2 a glass
with dinner or not often. I have heard that benzos with
alcohol are an effective means of suicide,
assuming you do not throw up - not sure of
the dose.6.3.5
Same here, though I imagine they are used
to come down from stimulating drugs. That
would not be a bad thing.
7. SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC ISSUES7.1 Attitudes
The discussion on the public's negative perspective
of people taking benzos must be something someone
did a thesis or research on. I think that all
psychiatric drugs are viewed with some suspicion.
I know someone who was denied insurance on the grounds
of taking an AD, for example.In general the discussion of moral and social
aspects is very extensively covered in David Oaks'
SCI advocacy groups. It's too huge to talk about
here.
9. SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONSActually, I think this is a good report in general;
I would like to see the protracted syndrome mentioned.
And I have a question: have opiates been considered
instead of benzos for similar disorders?And finally, a personal question:
Is clonazepam prescribed for manic depression because
manic depression is considered a species of
epilepsy? Does anyone know why clonazepam is so
difficult to withdraw from (after many years?).I hope that the careful and well-researched
aspects of this report can actually be put
into practice. I believe that doctors in general
may be too busy to follow guidelines like this,
but let us hope; who knows, maybe the pharmaceutical
concerns will see some advantage in assisting
with prescription and withdrawal.I'd like to thank you for letting me know
about this document and for letting me take up
so much bandwidth to comment on it.Squiggles
Posted by Rick on October 26, 2002, at 15:38:18
In reply to Re: RATIONAL USE OF BENZODIAZAPINES (5.) » Squiggles, posted by viridis on October 26, 2002, at 13:13:09
For the most part, my pdoc's reaction was the same. He's been prescribing benzos for 20 years,and says that as long as I never exceed 3 mg Klonopin (I'm nowhere near that, BTW), it's not very likely a slow withdrawal will present significant difficulty.
He actually preferred that I be treated with an AD, but not becuase of dependence or addiction concerns. Instead, it's because he feels that some benzos, especially Klonopin, are "dumb drugs." (The extent to which that's true is another issue for debate.) But at this point, he feels, "whatever works" is the way to go. Although, every once in awhile he asks if I'd like to try Tranxene (clorazepate) again instead of Klonopin. (I'm starting to digress here...) Of course I always give a quick "no" to that suggestion. I don't think Social Anxiety is one of his areas of specialty, although I like the fact that he's cautiously open-minded about treatment alternatives. E.g., at my request, he recently agreed to let me try adding hydergine to my regimen. (That stuff sure isn't easy to find in U.S. pharmacies, at least in my area!)
> Hi Squiggles,
>
> I'm sorry to hear that you had such a bad experience with benzo withdrawal, and I know that some people do react in very negative ways. However, the weight of scientific evidence indicates that withdrawal for most can be managed very effectively by slow taper and careful supervision. You spoke in an earlier post about "variables" and "objectivity". When dealing with medications, the patients themselves are major variables in the sense that different people have different reactions to both the drugs and discontinuation of the drugs, whether you're talking about benzos, ADs, blood pressure meds, or most other classes of medications.
>
> I haven't attempted benzo withdrawal, and have no plans to do so in the near future, since Klonopin has been so beneficial for me in terms of anxiety, depression, and general quality of life. So, I can't offer any personal experience there. However, I can relate my pdoc's experiences and advice based on his use of benzos for numerous patients, both short and long-term. He screened me very carefully before prescribing benzos, explained that medical dependency was likely to develop, and said that he is very alert to signs of escalating dosage and misuse (although he was also very willing to increase the dose if appropriate). After well over a year at the same low dose of Klonopin (1 mg/day) plus occasional Xanax, he and I are very pleased with the results. When I asked him about what would happen if I decided to discontinue it, he said that he's rarely seen a problem as long as the withdrawal is gradual. He emphasized that these are not drugs that should be stopped suddenly, but said that supervised withdrawal is generally quite straightforward in his experience.
>
> For me, though, he predicts that discontinuation would return me to the same pattern of anxiety/ panic attacks/ severe depression that I've experienced since childhood. I'm not willing to live that way any more (and I expect it would shorten my life -- not that I'm suicidal, but chronic anxiety takes a toll on a person's mental and physical health). Approaches such as antidepressants, therapy, alternative treatments, and lifestyle changes were of no or limited use, or actually made things worse (SSRIs, Wellbutrin). So for me, long-term use of Klonopin seems like the most sensible option, and my pdoc agrees.
Posted by Alan on October 26, 2002, at 15:41:05
In reply to Re: RATIONAL USE OF BENZODIAZAPINES (5.) » viridis, posted by Squiggles on October 26, 2002, at 13:59:53
> Once again, the amount of dose, the length of time,
> the abruptness of cessation, and the increase or non-increase
> of dose over time, are variables that will influence
> the severity of withdrawal with these drugs.
================================================
And if I may interrupt, here is of where much of the misunderstanding lies within the tightly knit anti-benzo movement.Since an individual's respose to a drug is so highly idiosyncratic as to the above mentioned points, especially regarding psychotropics, not just bzds, it is virtually impossible to extrapolate that these variables apply to the population in general. They are mere basic medical guidelines that don't increase the risk TO THE INDIVIDUAL as implied by the anecdotal and highly indiviual adverse responses to these meds as reported by a small minority of the population at benzo.org and similar sites.
Statistics and pharmacokenetic curves in some texbook or pharmrep presentation do not apply to the individual - which becomes quite evident when one understands that these medications are so highly effective IF PRESCRIBED, DIAGNOSED, AND MANAGED properly....or to directly use the words of the report..."Used rationally".
The key complaint is that Benzo.org-like sites seize on risk appropriate to the individual and then mistakenly generalises for the population.
So what does the average consumer think when they read this? Where does it leave their naturally anxiety ridden, hyperaroused, med phobic minds? Oh! This must apply to me...extrapolating in the same style by example of that which the benzo.org folks have already (mistakenly) used as their model.
Terribly misleading as to proportionality of risk/benefit assesments applied to any medication much less bzds. What is particular unethical is the exploitation of the "A" word (addiction) when it is used as a pejorative.
Refusing to accept the distinction to "sustained medical dependence" is a conscious choice to continue exaggeration of risk to the individual consumer. The term "Addiction" is used as inflammitory rhetoric to push an agenda that would otherwise be a relative non-issue.
This is not to minimise those cases that have bad experiences coming off of bzds but to acknowledge that it happens to a small minority of the poulation henceforth the use of "RATIONAL USE" as the title of the report.
Alan
Posted by Alan on October 26, 2002, at 15:44:26
In reply to Re: RATIONAL USE OF BENZODIAZAPINES (5.) » viridis, posted by Rick on October 26, 2002, at 15:38:18
How do you use hydergine? and what has it done for you re: your dx. I take Klon maint. and ativan PRN for breakthrough with GAD and SAD.
Thanks!
Alan
Posted by Rick on October 26, 2002, at 16:31:03
In reply to Re: RATIONAL USE OF BENZODIAZAPINES (5.) » Rick, posted by Alan on October 26, 2002, at 15:44:26
Just started it about ten days ago. Take 3mg/day of generic ergoloid mesylates. That's the max recommended by the FDA; my pdoc says he's gone as high as 6 mg. I know in Europe it's typically given in higher doses, e.g. 9 mg/day.
It's too early to report any results. I've noticed some mild improvement in memory, and some added "calm alertness," but at such an early stage these could very well be coincidences/placebo effects -- although I certainly hope it's a sign that the med is starting to work for me. If indeed it works, the effects of hydergine are said to be quite gradual. I sure haven't experienced any side effects, other than some barely-noticeable nausea at first and less-variable blood pressure (a good thing).
At the moment the only other psychotropic med I'm on is my mainstay daily Klonopin (1 mg, all first thing in a.m.), for non-depressive social phobia.
I'll report back as the experiment continues.
Rick
> How do you use hydergine? and what has it done for you re: your dx. I take Klon maint. and ativan PRN for breakthrough with GAD and SAD.
>
> Thanks!
>
> Alan
Posted by Rick on October 26, 2002, at 16:59:01
In reply to Re: RATIONAL USE OF BENZODIAZAPINES (5.) » Squiggles, posted by Alan on October 26, 2002, at 15:41:05
Well said!
In additional to the irrational reasons you and others have cited, I believe that some of today's benzophobia was fueled by the early days of benzos -- especially Valium -- when many GP's would indiscriminately hand them out like candy. You had people coming in with what was clearly a depressive, rather than anxious, disorder, and the doc would throw benzos at the patient.
Long before I had ever heard of social phobia (even though I sure had it!), I asked a college counselor to prescribe something to help me get through job interviews without shriveling and quavering. She refused, but later left me a note which included a reluctant prescription for Valium. (I guess I've always been good at laying guilt trips.) I was completely naive to anything but over-the-counter drugs at that point, and found the Valium useless -- not even a placebo effect.
I'm so glad different benzos have different properties, because for my social phobia the difference between Valium (or my pdoc's "beloved" Tranxene) and Klonopin is night-and-day.
BTW, in all fairness to Tranxene (drugs have feelings, too, y'know), I understand it can very smooth and effective for GAD.
Rick
> > Once again, the amount of dose, the length of time,
> > the abruptness of cessation, and the increase or non-increase
> > of dose over time, are variables that will influence
> > the severity of withdrawal with these drugs.
> ================================================
> And if I may interrupt, here is of where much of the misunderstanding lies within the tightly knit anti-benzo movement.
>
> Since an individual's respose to a drug is so highly idiosyncratic as to the above mentioned points, especially regarding psychotropics, not just bzds, it is virtually impossible to extrapolate that these variables apply to the population in general. They are mere basic medical guidelines that don't increase the risk TO THE INDIVIDUAL as implied by the anecdotal and highly indiviual adverse responses to these meds as reported by a small minority of the population at benzo.org and similar sites.
>
> Statistics and pharmacokenetic curves in some texbook or pharmrep presentation do not apply to the individual - which becomes quite evident when one understands that these medications are so highly effective IF PRESCRIBED, DIAGNOSED, AND MANAGED properly....or to directly use the words of the report..."Used rationally".
>
> The key complaint is that Benzo.org-like sites seize on risk appropriate to the individual and then mistakenly generalises for the population.
>
> So what does the average consumer think when they read this? Where does it leave their naturally anxiety ridden, hyperaroused, med phobic minds? Oh! This must apply to me...extrapolating in the same style by example of that which the benzo.org folks have already (mistakenly) used as their model.
>
> Terribly misleading as to proportionality of risk/benefit assesments applied to any medication much less bzds. What is particular unethical is the exploitation of the "A" word (addiction) when it is used as a pejorative.
>
> Refusing to accept the distinction to "sustained medical dependence" is a conscious choice to continue exaggeration of risk to the individual consumer. The term "Addiction" is used as inflammitory rhetoric to push an agenda that would otherwise be a relative non-issue.
>
> This is not to minimise those cases that have bad experiences coming off of bzds but to acknowledge that it happens to a small minority of the poulation henceforth the use of "RATIONAL USE" as the title of the report.
>
>
> Alan
>
>
Posted by Squiggles on October 26, 2002, at 18:02:18
In reply to Re: RATIONAL USE OF BENZODIAZAPINES (5.) » Squiggles, posted by Alan on October 26, 2002, at 15:41:05
The pejorative and loaded use of the word
"addiction" occurs only amongst the most
radical reactionaries and bible thumpers.
Not all are of this group on Benzo.As for the extrapolation to all people;
if you grant me that this group is a group
which has experienced withdrawal and addiction
with benzos, then i will grant you that you
have knowledge of a counter-group which has
not.Comparing notes may be interesting, given
the same variables.Squiggles
Posted by Alan on October 26, 2002, at 23:17:11
In reply to Re: RATIONAL USE OF BENZODIAZAPINES (5.) » Alan, posted by Squiggles on October 26, 2002, at 18:02:18
> The pejorative and loaded use of the word
> "addiction" occurs only amongst the most
> radical reactionaries and bible thumpers.
> Not all are of this group on Benzo.Anyone that does not, but indeed outright refuses to make the medical distinction between "addiction" (which appears too many times to count on the websites of this nature) and "pharmcological dependence" is using it out of ignorance or as a pejorative. It is not wordsmithing as you have suggested earlier because not only the word is changed but the fundamental concept behind the word is entirely different.
The deliberate blurring of the lines of these distinctions by these groups is actually the glue that holds their speculative ramblings together. Without them, poof! Their rationale disappears. There is no foundation in which to support their house of cards.
>
> As for the extrapolation to all people;
> if you grant me that this group is a group
> which has experienced withdrawal and addiction
> with benzos, then i will grant you that you
> have knowledge of a counter-group which has
> not.
>
> Comparing notes may be interesting, given
> the same variables.
>
> SquigglesEverybody experiences withdrawal in degrees of severity. It is the hallmark of drugs that build tolerance. Ad's are no different.
Well the problems are many-fold. Two that come immediately to mind are:
1) Addiction is not the proper word to use in the "rational" use of bzds, only when in circumstances that they were misprescribed, used to get from high to high, and most importantly sought out by the individual reflecting the attitude towards the drug of seeking a high -predisposed or not.
2) If they are "addicted" and indeed in the same way like those withdrawing from illicit drugs such as heroin and cocaine ("information" that these groups like to strut around infront of the public like a badge of honour), then these folks don't even equate with the panic population that use the drug properly for legitimately diagnosed anxiety disorders that have very little of the dire risk of severe withdrawal symptoms that this group extrapolates for!
So from where I stand, the middle ground stands right where I've laid it out. One doesn't compromise what is known to be true in a barter for what is known not to be.
Thanks but I'll pass.
Alan
Posted by viridis on October 27, 2002, at 0:14:29
In reply to Re: RATIONAL USE OF BENZODIAZAPINES (5.) » viridis, posted by Rick on October 26, 2002, at 15:38:18
It's interesting how differently people react, even to different drugs within the same class. Klonopin hasn't dulled me out at all (except a bit in first 1-2 weeks that I took it). In contrast, my thinking became much sharper and more focused -- maybe because I wasn't constantly agonizing over trivial details, sleeping 2-3 hours a night, and so on. It's not just my imagination either, since friends, family, and co-workers commented on how I'd suddenly become so "on target" and enthusiastic.
On the other hand, Valium really is a "dumb drug" for me -- when I take even a small amount, it puts me in a haze (and not pleasant, just a general stupid/drugged feeling).
Posted by hiba on October 27, 2002, at 0:49:33
In reply to Re: RATIONAL USE OF BENZODIAZAPINES (5.) » hiba, posted by Squiggles on October 26, 2002, at 10:32:44
Hello Squiggles,
I got a "Please be civil" warning from Dr.Bob and I am sorry if I made any personal offence.
((Once again, what kind of evidence would you like?
Statistical evidence can only be gathered by
testimonials of people who have taken these drugs
for a long time. Would you rather rely on the
behaviour of rats over a period of 3 months, under
the supervision of Hoffman LaRoche or Eli Lilly's
white-coats?))I was asking for a scientific evidence for "Protracted withdrawal syndrome" which you attributed to benzos in your thread. After carefully reading your reply, still I couldn't find any. "Protracted withdrawal" is quite strange to medical professionals. And my common sense doesn't allow me to take biased views of anti-benzo groups and their testimonials without a grain of salt. Meanwhile I had named some references in my message. And "Pharmacological basis of therapeutics" was one of them. Can you show me a single instance of "Protracted withdrawal syndrome" in that book which describes therapeutic pros and cons of medications?
I don't advocate for any drug. I believe all drugs have their pros and cons. But I could sense your attempt to project benzos as the most dangerous drugs in psychiatric practice. Labelling them as addictive will make matters much easier, as the term "addictive" is terrorizing to an already overanxious patient.
I was not mentioning rats or any other reptiles. I know what makes patients complain benzos are addictive. In most cases it is "patient awkwardness". Using a powerful drug for years and stopping it abruptly will cause more than enough discomforts to an individual. And most testimonials of withdrawal symptoms are the fruits of this kind of awkwardness. I have mentioned this matter many times in my threads. Why benzos alone?? If you are using beta-blockers for a long period of time and stopping it abruptly, there is a chance of fatal myocardial infarction.
((I have quoted the Merck before here and
The American Family Physician, and Goodman and Gillman's
Pharmaceutical Therapeutics on the addictive nature and need
for caution in benzo withdrawal, which also mention the
risk of seizure upon sudden discontinuation.))Where in the "Goodman and Gilman's Pharmacological basis of therapeutics" mention benzos are ADDICTIVE ? CAN YOU PLEASE SHOW ME THAT TERM "ADDICTIVE" IN IT ?? I have the latest edition (10th edition) in my hand. Just refer that page in your response. Note: If you have the same edition with you I recommend to read the page 628 carefully. It talks about dependence. (PHARMACOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE)but not addiction.
Unfortunately, I don't have access to "AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN". But I think PDR is the most authentic therapeutic guide used worldwide. MARTINDALE comes next to it. Nowhere in those guides I see the term "addictive". And if I see it in American Family Physician or Merck manual, I will definitely consider it as an "EXCEPTION". Why? Because I have more authentic source in my hand to refer.Dr. Ashton may be running the clinic for years. But I like to know what kind of patients and she used to treat. Those who stopped their benzo intake abruptly will surely have a majority there. And those multiple drug users who uses benzos for recreational purpose do not represent the ideal benzo users. I am talking about those patients who use benzos under medical supervision, where abuse and withdrawal complications never occur. But if you want to abuse a drug, no matter what kind of drug that may be, you can abuse antihistamines and can have withdrawal symptoms. Periactin is being abused by underweight patients who like to utilize its appetite stimulating properties. Phenergan is also being abused because of its sedative properties. Phenergan, if combined with alcohol can be fatal sometimes.
So my initial question still remains. Can you show me an instance of "Protracted withdrawal syndrome"in any reputed therapeutic guides ? Can you show me the term "addictive" attributed to benzos in PDR, or MRTINDALE, or GOODMAN AND GILMAN'S...THERAPEUTICS ?
Good luck Squiggles, take care
HIBA
Posted by viridis on October 27, 2002, at 1:00:20
In reply to Re: Evidence Please!! Squiggles,,, posted by hiba on October 27, 2002, at 0:49:33
Hi Hiba, Squiggles and co.,
I had an interesting experience a few months ago. I decided to go off Klonopin for a day after having taken it for several months. As the day progressed, I got more and more anxious -- not unbearably so, but it was very unpleasant. Finally, I took some Klonopin and felt normal again.
I was still in the "don't want to get hooked" phase, and reported this to my psychiatrist the next time I saw him. He asked me a simple question -- was the anxiety worse than what you experienced before taking Klonopin? I said no, it was about like what I'd often felt before, but it was very disturbing. His response was that of course it was disturbing, but he asked me again, was it worse or different than what you've experienced before? Again I said no, quite honestly. And I realized (without him having to tell me this, although he did) that I'm an anxious person who doesn't like being anxious. Did I experience withdrawal? I'm not sure, but it brought home the point that I'm much better with Klonopin than without -- I'd just forgotten how awful anxiety can be.
I wonder how many people in "withdrawal" are just returning to their pre-benzo state and find it very upsetting.
That being said, my pdoc definitely believes that these drugs can cause medical dependency, and advocates a slow, supervised taper if one chooses to discontinue their use. But it did make me question just how common or severe "withdrawal" from benzos is, and how to distinguish it from a return to an intolerable condition. I have no doubt that for some people, withdrawal from benzos (and ADs etc.) is very serious and creates effects that are worse than the initial condition. But what proportion of people on the anti-benzo sites are just going back to an intolerable "ground state"?
By the way (Squiggles) -- your posts to me have been very reasonable, helpful, and understanding, so I don't mean this as an attack on you. It sounds like you're someone who really did have a bad reaction, and you have much longer-term experience with benzos than I do. I just wonder about the points I've raised above.
Posted by Alan on October 27, 2002, at 1:06:49
In reply to Re: Evidence Please!! Squiggles,,, posted by hiba on October 27, 2002, at 0:49:33
You are quite right Hiba. Our own elizabeth has posted about this very issue some time back and refers to exactly that text in her last paragraph. Although redundant, it might be of some benefit for those that are following this thread to review the entire content of her post:
http://www.dr-bob.org/babble/20010618/msgs/67768.html
There are serious consequences as the result of not making the distinction between the two which she points out in a rather eloquent fashion.
Alan
Posted by hiba on October 27, 2002, at 2:08:59
In reply to Re: RATIONAL USE OF BENZODIAZAPINES (5.) » hiba, posted by Squiggles on October 26, 2002, at 10:32:44
Hello Everyone,
I searched online for American Family Physician and Merck Manual with success. I have found something interesting."Benzodiazepines are effective in treating panic disorder; they are also used to treat generalized anxiety disorder and social phobia, two common comorbidities of panic disorder. In contrast to antidepressants, benzodiazepines relieve anxiety within hours,7 can prevent panic attacks within a few days to a few weeks,5 and are free of troublesome activating effects.7 Nevertheless, benzodiazepine use in treating panic disorder can be complicated by abuse, physiologic and psychologic dependence, and sedative and neurocognitive side effects.7,8
(AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN)
The term "ADDICTION" is nowhere here.Secondly I post a link where viewers can have access to Merck Manual. Please check this link
http://www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual_home/sec7/92.htm
Contrary to my anticipation, Merck scientists are emphasizing on benzodiazepine's safety and effectiveness over Alcohol, barbiturates and chloral hydrate. The term "Addictive" is still lacking, although in a title I can see it. But it is not directly attributed to benzos. Rather it can be seen directly attributed to narcotics.What do these mean? Aren't these reputed scientists aware of the difference between Addiction and dependence??
Oh! it is only a linguistic squabble !!
HIBA
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