Posted by SLS on September 1, 2009, at 14:47:06
In reply to Re: Does Ambien have antidepressant properties? » floatingbridge, posted by SLS on September 1, 2009, at 11:35:36
Behavioral Disinhibition:
A = GABA - Modulates B
B = NE - Inhibit Impulsive Behavior
C = DA - Impulsive BehaviorA inhibits B
B inhibits CAdd benzodiazepine -> Increase A -> Decrease B -> Increase Impulsive Behavior
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Paradoxical Reactions <Disinhibition> to Benzodiazepines: Literature Review and Treatment OptionsCarissa E. Mancuso, Pharm.D.; Maria G. Tanzi, Pharm.D.; Michael Gabay, Pharm.D.
Published: 09/30/2004
AbstractBenzodiazepines frequently are administered to patients to induce sedation. Paradoxical reactions to benzodiazepines, characterized by increased talkativeness, emotional release, excitement, and excessive movement, are relatively uncommon and occur in less than 1% of patients. The exact mechanism of paradoxical reactions remains unclear. Most cases are idiosyncratic; however, some evidence suggests that these reactions may occur secondary to a genetic link, history of alcohol abuse, or psychological disturbances. This review evaluates the numerous cases of paradoxical reactions to benzodiazepines in adult and pediatric patients that have been reported in the biomedical literature. It also explores the advantages and disadvantages of the various available treatment options.
http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/489358
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Benzodiazepines and disinhibition: a review
Carol Paton, Chief Pharmacist
In the majority of recipients, benzodiazepines have a calming effect but in a minority they can cause paradoxical reactions (also called disinhibitory reactions) characterised by acute excitement and an altered mental state: increased anxiety, vivid dreams, hyperactivity, sexual disinhibition, hostility and rage. Other sedatives that bind at the GABAA receptor, such as alcohol, are robustly linked with aggressive behaviour. Acute alcohol consumption is known to increase feelings of hostility and competitive and retaliatory behaviour, and epidemiological data show that alcohol is involved in over 50% of acts of violence (Miczek et al, 1997).
http://pb.rcpsych.org/cgi/content/full/26/12/460
******************************************************************- Scott
poster:SLS
thread:915028
URL: http://www.dr-bob.org/babble/20090826/msgs/915274.html