Posted by SLS on November 16, 2000, at 6:52:23
In reply to Re: Any one have a theory?, posted by SLS on November 16, 2000, at 0:54:43
Proofreading #1
Corrected passage:"resulting in DECREASED energy efficiency; energy is burned more slowly."
=================================================================
> Hi All,
>
> Does anyone have any theory's as to why many antidepressants
cause so many of us to gain weight? Would it have anything to do
with insulin levels? I would love to hear some feedback.
>
> Thanks,
>
> Sherry
Dear Sherry,Thanks for the homework assignment.
>:-/
In answer to your question, one of the mechanisms by which certain
drugs produce weight-gain does involves insulin. Smart girl. :-)
---------------------------------------------------------I don't have the energy to proof-read this, and it's past my
bedtime. Suffer.---------------------------------------------------------
* SSRI-induced weight-gain is poorly understood. Weight-gain
produced by SSRIs is considered to be a paradoxical reaction. That
this paradoxical reaction is so frequently seen on Psycho-Babble
may be an indicator of a bias towards an array of serotonergic
(5-HT) dysregulations that is overrepresented in a population
biased towards treatment-resistance and "poop-out".Serotonergic systemic and synaptic relationships are very complex
and, in my way of thinking, vulnerable to a broader set of
potential dysregulations.In addition, despite their claimed selectivity, SSRIs still
interact with various other important systems. The term
"selective" was originally chosen to describe the tendency of
these drugs to interact more exclusively relative to the three
major monoamine neurotransmitters recognized as being important at
the time (dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin). It is a
misconception to think of SSRIs as being selective with respect to
all other neurotransmitters and neuromodulatory systems.In other words, most of you Babblers are just plain f_cked-up.
The SSRIs is obviously the class of drug in the greatest demand
for an understanding as to why they cause weight-gain. I apologize
for not being able to more precisely report the mechanisms
underlying this "unappetizing" side-effect.
- Scott
---------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------SOME MECHANISMS OF PSYCHOTROPIC-INDUCED WEIGHT-GAIN:
I. Increased secretion of prolactin by the pituitary gland.
Medications:1. The older typical neuroleptic antipsychotics: Haldol,
Thorazine, Loxitane, Navane, Mellaril, etc.2. Sulpiride and amisulpride
3. Paxil (paroxetine)
Mechanisms:1. The body thinks it's pregnant. It wants to store as much
fat as possible for postnatal care. Got milk?
----------------------------------------------------------------
II. Blockade of histamine H1 receptors (H1 antagonists):
Medications:1. The newer atypical antipsychotics: Clozaril, Zyprexa,
Risperdal. Clozaril and Zyprexa are the highest.2. Tricyclics
3. Remeron
4. Many other psychotropics
Mechanisms:1. Increased hunger and food intake.
2. Carbohydrate craving.
3. Lowered basal metabolism rate (BMR). The rate of energy
burned through thermogenesis (heat production) is decreased in
brown adipose tissue (BAT) and as well as white adipose tissue
(WAT). Psychotropic medications prevent the H1-induced
increase in the expression of energy-releasing uncoupling
proteins (UCP) located in the inner mitochondria of these
tissues.4. Decreased insulin sensitivity in muscle and heart. More
glucose winds up being metabolized and stored as fat.
----------------------------------------------------------------
III. Chronic NE-beta receptor stimulation.
Medications:1. Tricyclics
2. Ludiomil
3. Remeron
4. Effexor
Mechanisms:1. Decreased expression of uncoupling proteins (UCP) in
skeletal muscle and heart muscle, resulting in decreased
energy efficiency; energy is burned more slowly. (NE-beta
receptor downregulation?)2. Reduced plasma levels of insulin and free fatty acids
(FFA). This produces a reduced uptake of glucose (energy) by
skeletal muscle and heart muscle. The extra energy is stored
in adipose tissue (fat).
----------------------------------------------------------------
IV. Changed glucose / insulin dynamics. Influences how much energy
is stored.
Medications:1. Hydrazine MAOIs: Nardil and Marplan
2. Newer atypical neuroleptic antipsychotics: Clozaril,
Risperdal, Zyprexa, Seroquel, and Zeldox. (I don't know to
what extent each of these drugs affect glucose/insulin
dynamics, but some are known to exacerbate diabetes).
Mechanisms:1. Decreased insulin sensitivity in muscle. Reduces the rate
of glucose uptake by muscles. This extra glucose is stored as
fat.2. Inhibition of gluconeogenesis resulting in a decrease in
the liberation of energy from protein reserves.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
poster:SLS
thread:48867
URL: http://www.dr-bob.org/babble/20001115/msgs/48900.html